Grinding by superabrasive grinding wheel is one of the common processing methods in the manufacturing industry，The Grinding Roughness of Superabrasive Wheels is an important factor to measure the quality of the workpiece being processed, The factors that affect the roughness of workpiece ground by superabrasive grinding wheel include the factors of the grinding wheel itself, but also other factors.
Superabrasive grinding wheel usually include diamond grinding wheel and CBN grinding wheel.There are resin bond, vitrified bond, metal bond, electroplated bond,and hybrid bond.
The Main Factors Affecting The Grinding Roughness Of Superabrasive Wheels Include:
Grain Size Of Grinding wheel
The grain size and hardness of the grinding wheel directly affect its cutting performance and cutting force on the workpieces. Coarse grained grinding wheel is usually able to remove materials faster but left larger scratches and roughness. Fine grained grinding wheel can better control the surface roughness, but the grinding speed is slower.
Superhard Grinding Wheel Material
The material of grinding wheel directly affects its roughness, toughness, and wear resistance, which further affects its cutting effect and wear during the grinding process. For example, the hardness of metal bond grinding wheel is relatively high, and grinding wheel with different materials has different effect on the surface roughness of the workpiece during grinding
Bonding Agent Of Grinding Wheel
The bonding agent of superabrasive grinding wheel directly affects the heat dissipation performance, grinding efficiency and surface roughness. Resin bond grinding wheel has good sharpness but short life. Metal bond grinding wheel has long life, poor self-sharpening and difficult to dress. Vitrified bond grinding wheel has good sharpness, longer life, more pores, fast heat dissipation and rarely dressed. Electroplated bond grinding wheel has high sharpness, no dressing, and short life.
Wear Condition Of Grinding Wheel：
With the increase of grinding wheel usage time,the surface of grinding wheel will gradually wear. The wear condition will affect the cutting performance and grinding effect of the grinding wheel, thereby affecting the surface roughness of the workpiece.
Dressing Condition Of Grinding Wheel
The sharpness and accuracy of the grinding wheel may change during using, and regular dressing is required. Improper dressing of the grinding wheel can cause uneven surface, which further affects the grinding effect and surface roughness.
Selection of Grinding Wheel
According to the different processing materials, choose the appropriate type, specification, and structure of grinding wheel to ensure its matching with the workpieces, thereby obtaining bettergrinding effect and surface roughness.
For example, when processing HSS workpieces, choose CBN grinding wheel. Diamond will undergo carbonization under high temperature conditions when diamond grinding wheel grinding HSS. On the contrary, diamond grinding wheel can be used for tungsten carbide. CBN grinding wheel will cause sticking of the tool when grinding tungsten carbide.
In addition to the factors of the grinding wheel itself, there are other factors that can affect the result of roughness:
3 Factors Affect The Grinding Roughness of Superabrasive Wheels
Properties Of The Workpiece Material
The hardness, toughness, plasticity, and other properties of the workpiece material directly affect the cutting situation and cutting force during the grinding process, which further affects the result of surface roughness. For example, tungsten carbide has different grades, and different grades have different hardness and toughness. Diamond grinding wheel can be used for grinding tungsten carbide, and adjusting the wheel formula can achieve the best sharpness and high life.
Selection of Cutting Parameters
Cutting parameter including grinding speed, feed rate, grinding depth, and etc. Will directly affect the cutting effect and cutting force during the grinding process, thereby affecting the result of surface roughness.
Cutting Fluid
The selection and usage of cutting fluid can affect the friction and heat dissipation during the grinding process, which further affects the result of surface roughness.
The material, structure, wear condition, grain size, hardness, bonding agent, dressing condition of the surperabrasive wheel , as well as other factors such as workpiece material and cutting parameters will directly affect the grinding roughness of superabrasive wheel. In actual grinding process, it is necessary to comprehensively consider and control these factors in order to achieve ideal machining results and surface roughness of the workpiece.
